SOSIOLOGI-SMA

Social Interaction Social Interaction is reciprocal relationship in the form of action that influence between individual and individual, individual and group, group and group.  In the social interaction process individual or group are work together, doing interaction, having conflict formal and non formal and directly or indirectly. In social interaction, reciprocal relationship that involves social aspect and humanity in both sides such as emotion, physical, interest happen. According to Charles P. Loomis a relation is called social interaction if it has some conditions 1. The doer or agent is more than one 2.  There is communication between agents using language or symbols. 3. There is time dimension: past time, present time and future time. 4. There is a goal to achieved as the result of the interaction. The conditions in order to social interaction happen there should be social contact and communication. Social Contact Social contact can happen not

Social Norms 1. The essence of social norm.      Social norm is related to social value. Social value is  measurement      of behavior, whereas, social norm is rule of behavior.      In another words, social norm is behavior’s pattern that people want,      whereas social norm constitutes behavior’s pattern that people must do.             * Social norm consists of behavior rule that is considered the best               and worthy for people to do so in everyday life. What is the relation of social norm and social value? •          Social norm is made to keep social value alive and exist. -           ordering for not against parents, order for not committing                   crimes (raping, stealing etc).             Social norms have difference power. There are some norms with             weak sanctions but there are some with very tight sanction. So we can conclude that social norm is life's guideline consisted of orders and prohibitions

Some methods used by sociologists to investigate and explain social problems Sociologists develop theories based on observations of society. Sociologists use scientific methods, such as description, statistics, survey, experimentation, and observation, to test their theories •       Case Study : The report filed by a sociologist from field observations. •       Data Information : Description The use of words to tell how something actually happened. •       Hypothesis : A possible answer or approach to a problem. •       Probability : The likelihood that an event will occur. •       Sample : A representative group Survey One of the major methods used by modern sociologists to gather information, or data, is the sociological survey. In this method, people are asked questions about themselves and about their attitudes toward many things, such as social problems, new ideas, or new political or economic changes. •       Surveys always concern a sampli

Value The meaning of social value The measurement of behavior that is considered good important, and valuable for certain society. Why certain society? Because every society has their own value and sometimes different from other society. However, there are values that accepted as general. What they say about Value 1. Soerjono Soekanto     Value as abstract conception within the human being that are consider good and bad. 2. Kimball Young     Formulates social value as abstract elements and often are not awarded as true and important. 3. A.W. Green     Formulates social value as awareness that happen relatively, a long with emotion upon object and       personal idea.    4. Woods      Says that social value is common guidance that has been exist for long time, which directs                   behavior  and satisfaction in everyday life. 5. Robert M.Z. Lawang     Says value is description about what it is wanted, worthy, valued, and i

Notonegoro Material value ; the value of a thing that is very useful for human or society living. Vital value ; main value that is useful for human or society living. Spiritual value ; religiosity value. Truth value (Logic value) based on healthy mind Beauty value (Esthetics value) based on healthy feeling   Moral value (ethic value) based on good will   Religion value (religiosity value) based on religion  teaching Based on its character, Social value can be divided into two types  1. Dominant value : value that is considered more important than the other.      The measurement of dominant  or not so based on following      1) The quantity of people who believe in the value.      2) How long the value has been applied.      3) How people treat or consider the value      4) Prestige of using the value in society. 2. Internalized value (nilai yang mendarah daging) : The value has been habit     and perso

The usage of Sociology For development: Sociology gives social data that is needed in planning and evaluation. For research: by searching sociology finds a way of solving social problems The role of sociologist •          As an expert researcher. •          Policy’s Consultant •          As a technician. •          As a teacher or educator Social reality The social change that brings about social phenomena such as modernization, deviance and another social problems Social Problems •          Social problems truly are as the result of social interaction between Individual and individual, individual and groups or groups with another groups. •          Soerjono Soekanto: unconformity among cultural elements or society that threaten social groups’ life Soerjono Soekanto divided Social problems into four •          Economic factor : poverty, unemployed. •          Biological factor: diseases infected. •          Psychological

What is meant by basic concept/idea of sociology? •           Social concept which is used to study and understand about social life reality.  According to this concept •           The object of sociology is society and social setting such as social value and social norm.     Either society or social value and social norm are human products. •           Society influences and shapes human behavior Sociology has two basic concepts a. Sociology as a science     As a science sociology study about society and its circumstance which is constructed           systematically based on logical analyzes. b.  Sociology as a method      As a method sociology is a way of thinking methodologically to reveal social realities in society         by using scientific procedure and theory. The characteristic sociology as a science •           Empirical    : based on logical research and it is not speculative theory. •           Theoretical  : developing abstraction

The History of Sociology In the beginning Social philosophy It studies about society in general such as war, social conflict etc. Later on Studied about society more specific and much more profound. In this context sociology was born. Sociology focused on society more specific not only society in general but also norms which was supposed to be obeyed by all society. What social scientist thought about sociology? 1. Berger and Berger     Sociology grew as independent science as it is now because there were threats upon      social order. 2. L. Laeyendecker       He identified the threats of social order.      -Industrial revolution and France revolution      -The growing of capitalism at the ends of  15 century.      -Sociopolitical change      -Reformation movement by Martin Luther       - Individualism ideology      - The born of modern science      - The improvement of self confidence      - These threats caused the change of Europ

Sociology is the systematic and objective study of human society and social interaction. Sociologists use research techniques similar to those of the natural sciences. They often conduct research using scientific method . That is, they establish testable hypotheses and decide ahead of time which results will lead them to accept or reject the hypotheses . Like other scientists, sociologists strive to reach conclusions and present findings that are objective —not biased by emotion or preferences. It is this commitment to scientific methods that makes sociology different from the nonscientific disciplines of the humanities . You Tube:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuJS4kZNYJM